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Dairy Council Digest Archives

A Protective Effect of Dairy Foods in Oral Health
Mechanisms for Dairy Foods' Protective Effect in Oral Health: Some Possibilities

Several potential mechanisms by which dairy foods such as cheese and milk may protect dental health are proposed. These include stimulation of the flow of saliva which, in turn, increases plaque pH, prevents enamel demineralization, and helps clear fermentable carbohydrates from the oral cavity (9,40,41). However, cheese has been demonstrated to inhibit dental caries in the absence of saliva thereby indicating the possibility of other mechanisms (11).


Dairy foods' protective effect in oral health is largely explained by their components such as protein, lipids, calcium, and phosphorus.


Nutrients in cheese and milk such as protein, lipids, calcium, and phosphorus may contribute to their beneficial effects on oral health. Casein(s) has been demonstrated to prevent enamel demineralization in an intraoral caries model (30). Also, researchers have suggested that casein phosphopeptides released by the proteolysis of cheese following intake lead to the formation of casein phosphopeptide-calcium phosphate complexes (CPP-CP) and increase calcium and phosphate in plaque thereby increasing its pH (42). Dairy food proteins may also protect against caries by reducing the adherence of mutans Streptococci to tooth surfaces (43-45). Lipids in dairy foods such as cheese may be protective by forming a coating on enamel surfaces which can reduce demineralization of tooth enamel surfaces and/or by an antibacterial action of fatty acids (11,41). Intake of dairy foods, by increasing calcium and phosphorus in dental plaque, may favor remineralization of tooth enamel (15,31,46).




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